ITX8080

Allikas: Lambda
Redaktsioon seisuga 19. november 2010, kell 17:34 kasutajalt Anttix (arutelu | kaastöö) (→Scenario 7)
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General Information

Schedule

Lecture TH 12:00 - 13:30

Practice FR 14:00 - 17:30

Communication

Discussinons will be held at: itx8080 atatat googlegroups.com

Send e-mail to hannesa at-no-spam-please gmail.com for an invitation.

The lecturers can be reached via the course coordinator:

antti.andreimann only-people-please eesti.ee

Points awarded so far

Arnis : 3 points - ab testing solution, best countermeasure proposed for scenario 4, best snort rules proposed for scenario 6

Igor : 3 points - wordpress virtualization solution, lab 3 report, IDS testing solution

Kaarel : 2 points - lab 1 report and conclusions, lab 3 solution

Märt : 3 points - wordpress testing procedure, best wordpress optimization (wp-cache + php-apc), best lab 2 report.

Roland: 2 points - best Lab 4 report, IDS testing solution

Hannes: 1 point - best lab 7 report

Siim: 1 point - most popular scenario 7 solution

Scenarios

Scenario 1

There is a Wordpress based blog.

The client is worried: How many visitors can they handle before they die.

Establish a baseline: How many page displays per second AT LEAST we can handle. Disruption of the site operation is NOT acceptable.

Minimal budget!

Be as detailed and technical as You possibly can.

Post to the discussion group the following information:

  1. Detailed description of the simulation of the site. eg. if You're going to virtualize it then how? If You are running it as a process, then how You separate it from the real machine?
  2. Detailed description of the attack / benchmark tools picked. Where You are going to run them? What tools? How many copies? How you are going to collect the results?!!!

Proposals

Benchmarking:

Simulation of the system:

  • VirtualBox - Roland, Jérémy
  • VMWare ESX - Igor
  • VMWare Player - Marina
  • Amazon EC2 - Märt
  • KVM - Siim
  • Original hardware - Hannes

Lab 1

We will need to create two different virtual machines, one is going to be the wordpress server and the 2nd one is the client which is used to attack the server. It's probably easiest to install only one image and then clone it.

Hard disk image cloning is best done with

Linux: 

VBoxManage clonehd FirstUbuntu.vdi SecondUbuntu.vdi

Windows: 

"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" clonehd FirstUbuntu.vdi SecondUbuntu.vdi

After cloning the image create another virtual machine and attach the 2nd disk to that machine. As the result there will be two different virtual machines with two different virtual hard disks.

To be able to connect between the two virtual machines, You need to add an additional network adapter to both hosts. It can be either "Host Only" or "Internal" type.

To enable the new adapters in Ubuntu edit the file: /etc/network/interfaces

Scenario 2

Design a method for evaluating any speedup solutions for the wordpress. A repeatable process to evaluate the claims. Whatever optimizations. The process must be detailed enough so that somebody else can get the same results when applying that. The "other person" is expected to have IT knowledge sufficient to install and run a Linux desktop. The method must specify the level performance at which the site is considered DEAD. Budget requirements: Low - Dedicated machine + dedicated tester.

Lab 2

  • Get Virtual machine disk image and instructions from: http://www.tud.ttu.ee/~anttix/lab2/
    NB! DO NOT DOWNLOAD IMAGE FROM THE LINK NOTED IN INSTRUCTIONS PDF, IT WILL BE SLOW
  • Fix bug in image (see below)
  • Measure the effect of these wordpress plugins:
  • Devise Your own optimizations for the site
Bug in image: the ip address of the VM is saved in WP database as 192.168.56.3
It is advised tu run the Target VM first and run the "sudo dhclient" command first in Target VM.
Then check active IP of target by command "ifconfig".  If it is not 192.168.56.3, then situation can be fixed by running:

In Target VM: "sudo ifconfig eth2 192.168.56.3"
In Client VM: "sudo ifconfig eth2 192.168.56.4"

A note to Windows users

Use this command line to access VBoxManage program 

"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe"

Wordpress Admin access

Username: admin
Password: QIaTemvskSeM


Note to Ubuntu users

VirtualBox with WiFi Does NOT work properly http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=782936

Scenario 3

Your client is worried about some stuff posted on a blog. They ask You to take care of it. They have a throwaway "script kiddie" in a third world country, who will mount the attack so You don't need to worry about hiding the attackers identity.

Devise a way to attack a wordpress (default installation) based site to render it unusable (page view times over 60 seconds).

Attack resources: one PC, a script kiddie, internet connection of 2Mbit/s.

How are we going to evaluate the solutions?

  • Easy to use instructions
  • The most efficient use of available resources

Defacing will count, IF it works for the latest version of wordpress.

Lab 3

Possible attacks:

  • Brute force overload (AB or other benchmark), bang the slowest page possible.
  • Connection flood (slowloris)
  • SYN Flood (eg. with hping)
  • Banging expensive operations (eg. adding big comments)
  • etc.

Scenario 4

Develop countermeasures for the attacks simulated in Lab 3.

Limitations:

  • No additional hardware
  • No reactive measures

Lab 4

Evaluate the countermeasures against attacks. The countermeasures must not have negative effects on "normal usage pattern".

Normal usage pattern is defined as:

  • Bursts of 10 connections per IP address in 1 second
  • Page load times not over 20 seconds

Scenario 5

Create a solution and instructions for testing IDS systems against the wordpress site and attacks tried in lab 3.

A repeatable process to evaluate vendor claims. Whatever passive IDS system delivered as a VM or a dedicated box.

Creating the IDS system itself is out of scope.

The process must be detailed enough so that somebody else can get the same results when applying that. The "other person" is expected to have IT knowledge sufficient to install and run a Linux desktop.

Budget requirements: Modest - 2 Dedicated machines + dedicated tester + networking equipment to connect these together.

The process must test at least the following:

  • Port scan
  • SYN flood
  • slowloris/pyloris
  • Ab overwhelming attack

Lab 5

Instructions for installing Snort IDS and its web GUI called 'acidbase': https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SnortIDS

Scenario 6

Develop/download/find/whatever a SNORT configuration (rulesets, preprocessors, whatever) that performs better than the default configuration in lab 5 tests. By better we mean:

  • Less false positives
  • Less false negatives
  • The objectives are contradictory so the rule of thumb is one false negative per 10 false positives eg. solution with 10 false positives and 2 false negatives is better than the solution with 100 false positives and 1 false negatives, but the solution with 10 false positives and 1 false negative is better than the solution with 1 false positive and 2 false negatives.
  • Attack is defined by a single invocation of the test script.

Scenario 7

There is a new remote vulnerability in Windows. You became aware of a new virus that targets this vulnerability at 7 PM. The antivirus vendor has released an updated virus database, but it's probably not installed on all of the computers yet. Your company has 500 employees, with half of them running on laptops. You have to decide in 12 hours, if You need to collect all the employee's laptops in the morning.

Collecting the laptops has a high cost in lost employee productivity: There will be a queue of laptops waiting to be inspected. You can assume that all of the laptops can be inspected in half a day.

Limits: You can not mitigate the risk by changing the network configuration, You do not know how many laptops are still in the building. You can not take the servers offline.

Resources: 5 workers, some networking equipment, real servers (you can not disrupt those), "samples" of existing systems: a few spare workstations, a few spare laptops,

What do You know about the virus?

  • It disables antivirus software
  • It disables automatic software updates
  • It can be cleaned up only manually in about 1 manhour

You need to develop an action plan:

  • What You test in those scarce 12 hours?
  • How?
  • How do You weigh the results to make the decision?
  • The plan itself must be short and easy to understand so You can write it on a whiteboard.
  • Justifications for the specific actions go to a separate file/document.

Lab 7

Scenario 8

Find a solution to simulate a network of 300 PC-s in a single corporate environment, accessing a software update service at once.

Determine the load on primary internet connection and the router. Assume that updates server will be able to keep up.

Tools to consider

Additional resources

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